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Every year, Latvia selects a series of "Species and Features of the Year" to highlight the unique flora, fauna, and natural elements found in the country. See what has been chosen for 2025 and take a moment to explore and appreciate these unique natural features in your surroundings! 🤩🌳 Animal of the Year – HEDGEHOG. There are two species in Latvia: EASTERN HEDGEHOG Erinaceus roumanicus and WESTERN HEDGEHOG Erinaceus europaeus. Bird of the Year – COMMON STARLING Sturnus vulgaris. Insect of the Year – GLOW-WORM. Two glowing species are found in Latvia: EUROPEAN GLOW-WORM Lampyris noctiluca and LESSER GLOW-WORM Phosphaenus hemipterus. Snail of the Year – HEATH SNAIL Helicella obvia. Invertebrate of the Year – DUST SPIDER Eratigena atrica. Plant of the Year – SAND CINQUEFOIL Potentilla arenaria. Moss of the Year – TUFTED FEN-MOSS Paludella squarrosa. Fungus of the Year – PARROT WAX-CAP Hygrocybe psittacina / Gliophorus psittacinus. Slime Mold of the Year – PRETZEL SLIME MOLD Hemitrichia serpula. Tree of the Year – WYCH ELM Ulmus glabra. Habitat of the Year – EDGE (e.g., FOREST EDGE, MEADOW EDGE, FIELD EDGE, etc.). Geosite of the Year – CURRENTLY IN DEVELOPMENT! In the images: PARROT WAX-CAP (photo by Līga Jēka), PRETZEL SLIME MOLD (photo by Julita Kluša), TUFTED FEN-MOSS (photo by Julita Kluša), HEDGEHOG (photo by Juris Smaļinskis). Photos are used with the authors' permission.
PART II If you found it interesting the PART I, here are some more insights in the wild and diverse fungi world that is discoverable during this winter. 🍄‍🟫 The Candlesnuff Fungus (Xylaria hypoxylon) is commonly found on decaying hardwood. Its branching forms resemble deer antlers or lichen, making it a distinctive feature of the forest floor. 🍄‍🟫 The Silverleaf Fungus (Chondrostereum purpureum) is often seen covering tree stumps, with its purple hues making it particularly striking, especially when the light hits it just right. 🍄‍🟫 Black Witches’ Butter (Exidia glandulosa) appears as glossy black jelly blobs on fallen wood, thriving in wet conditions and adding a dark contrast to the forest. 🍄‍🟫 The Spruce Cone Cap (Strobilurus esculentus) is a small mushroom that grows on spruce cones, often appearing either individually or in small clusters. 🍄‍🟫 Finally, the Late Oyster (Panellus serotinus) is a brown mushroom that adds character to the winter forest floor, its distinctive appearance making it easy to spot among the fallen leaves and wood. Photo: Juris Smaļinskis
This winter’s unusually warm and wet conditions have created ideal opportunities to observe a diverse array of mushrooms in Latvia's forests. Biologist Juris Smaļinskis shares his recent findings, highlighting the fascinating fungi at the end of the year. PART I 🍄‍🟫 The Amber Jelly Roll (Exidia recisa) is a jelly-like fungus often found on tree branches. It becomes particularly noticeable during frosty weather and is striking when photographed against the sky. 🍄‍🟫 The Brain Jelly (Tremella encephala) is another jelly-like species, aptly named for its unique appearance. 🍄‍🟫 Adding bright color to the gray December landscape, the Yellow Stagshorn (Calocera cornea) stands out with its vibrant yellow hues, contrasting sharply with the muted tones of winter. 🍄‍🟫 On the forest floor, the Leaf Marasmius (Marasmius epiphyllus) grows delicately on aspen leaves. This species often remains in the same location for weeks, making it a reliable sight during forest walks. 🍄‍🟫 The Reddish Earthstar (Geastrum rufescens), an intriguing species of earthstar mushroom, has been consistently observed in certain areas for over a decade, adding another layer of interest to the diverse fungi found in winter. Photo: Juris Smaļinskis

Baltic Nature Tourism newsletter archive

Baltic Nature Tourism Winter Newsletter #08

Why Winter Travel in the Baltics is a Must!

Winter travel brings a refreshing change of pace with fewer crowds, lower prices, and a unique perspective on familiar destinations. Snow-covered landscapes offer a quiet beauty, while local experiences feel more personal and less hurried. Off-season rates make accommodations more affordable, and winter activities like skiing, hiking, and cozying up by the fire give a balanced mix of adventure and relaxation. Winter in northern regions brings a unique transformation to nature, with familiar landscapes taking on new forms and rhythms. While bears settle in for their long sleep and migratory birds head south, fields, forests, and lakes undergo a seasonal shift, cloaking themselves in layers of snow and ice. Rivers and even parts of the sea freeze over, creating surreal scenes and opening up opportunities for activities that only winter can offer. Cross-country skiing, snowshoe hikes, and ice skating become the outdoor experiences of choice.

Read PDF newsletter #8 here Read online winter newsletter #8 here

Baltic Nature Tourism Autumn Newsletter #07

As autumn arrives, the Baltic landscapes experiences a transformation, with trees displaying vibrant colours and wildlife preparing for the colder months. The forests in Latvia and Estonia are ideal for observing these seasonal changes. The air becomes crisper, and the sounds of migratory birds signal the shift towards winter.

Foraging for mushrooms is a popular activity during this time, with the forests offering a variety of edible species. Mushroom foraging is a tradition that extends beyond simply gathering food. It serves as an opportunity to spend time outdoors, share knowledge across generations, and engage with nature.

Autumn is also an excellent time to begin winter swimming. The transition from warmer to cooler water is gradual, making it an ideal period to start ice bathing. This activity, increasingly popular in the Baltic region, can be paired with a visit to a traditional sauna, where the warmth provides a relaxing contrast to the cold water. Estonia’s and Latvia’s sauna culture offers a range of experiences, from traditional smoke saunas to more modern facilities, allowing visitors to engage with this cultural practice in a variety of settings​. Baltic nature tourism offers a wide range of Soul tours!

Read PDF newsletter #7 here Read online autumn newsletter #7 here

Baltic Nature Tourism Summer Newsletter #06

What’s new this summer on balticnaturetourism.com?

Explore over 150 nature tourism destinations across Latvia and Estonia with our detailed Baltic Nature Tourism Map. Perfect for planning your next vacation, this map highlights the best spots for experiencing the natural beauty of the Baltic States. Start your adventure today!

Read PDF newsletter #6 here

Baltic Nature Tourism Summer Newsletter #05

Summer is the best season for outdoor activities, thanks to warm weather and long days. This is the time when camping, swimming in lakes, or enjoying the Baltic Sea are highly popular. In the Baltics, locals appreciate nature, often taking walks by the seaside, enjoying the pleasant evenings under starry skies, and catching the beautiful early morning sunrise.

Read PDF newsletter #5 here Read online Summer newsletter #5 here

Baltic Nature Tourism Spring Newsletter #04

Welcome to our 4th edition of Baltic Nature Tourism’s newsletter. As spring approaches, the Baltic region blossoms with exciting outdoor activities. Keep reading to learn about the various outdoor activities available in the beautiful Baltic region this spring

Read PDF newsletter #4 here Read online spring newsletter #4 here

Baltic Nature Tourism Winter Newsletter #03

Welcome to the third edition of Baltic Nature Tourism's updates, where we're excited to present to you the finest nature and outdoor activities in winter in Latvia and Estonia.

 

Read PDF newsletter #3 here Read online winter newsletter #3 here

Baltic Nature Tourism Autumn Newsletter #02

The second issue showcases autumn's top attractions. Bird-watching tours with ornithologists allow you to observe bird migration. Wild animals become more active during this time as they increase their food intake for winter. On a guided tour led by knowledgeable mycologists, you can spot over 100 varieties of fungi. Additionally, the weather remains suitable for outdoor activities such as hiking and even zipline rides.

 

Read PDF newsletter #2 here Read online newsletter #2 here

Baltic Nature Tourism Newsletter #01

Welcome to the first of our updates from Baltic Nature Tourism. For the next couple of months we will bring you regular and fascinating insights that showcase the finest nature and outdoor tours and activities from Latvia and Estonia and tailor-made for the UK market. The Baltic countries are ideal nature tourism destinations as it's all so incredibly accessible with wild and untouched nature less than an hour's drive from the capital cities of Tallinn or Riga.

Read full newsletter #1 here